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Cottonseed: The Other Half of the Cotton Crop

When raw cotton (kapas) is ginned, about two-thirds of its weight is seed. This cottonseed is crushed for edible cottonseed oil and for khal (oil cake), one of India's most important cattle feeds. India is one of the world's largest cottonseed producers.

AgricultureIndustry.in › Oilseeds › Cottonseed
SourceGinning factories in cotton-growing states
Top statesGujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana
SeasonArrivals October–March with cotton ginning
ProductsCottonseed oil, cottonseed cake (khal), linters
ExchangeCottonseed oil cake traded on NCDEX
Main buyersDairy farmers and feed makers

Where Cottonseed Comes From

Cottonseed is produced wherever cotton is ginned: Saurashtra and North Gujarat (Rajkot, Kadi, Amreli), Vidarbha and Khandesh in Maharashtra (Akola, Jalgaon, Yavatmal), and Telangana (Adilabad, Warangal). Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka also supply it. See the Cotton page for the crop itself.

Oil, Cake and Linters

Cottonseed is either crushed in expellers to give cottonseed oil and khal (cake), or de-linted and solvent-extracted to give refined cottonseed oil and de-oiled cake. Cottonseed oil is a popular cooking oil in Gujarat and Maharashtra and is used by vanaspati and snack makers. Khal is fed to milch cattle across Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan, so its price moves with the dairy economy. Short fibres called linters go to paper, cellulose and explosives makers.

Price Drivers

Cottonseed prices depend on cotton arrivals, cattle-feed demand from the dairy belts of Gujarat, Punjab and Rajasthan, edible oil prices and the export of de-oiled cake. Prices usually fall when ginning is at its peak from November to February and rise in summer, when milk producers need feed and fresh seed is scarce.

Cottonseed by State

Tap a state for its districts, markets, government buying and buyers.

GujaratMaharashtraTelangana

Processed Products

Cottonseed Oil and Khal

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